Latest Issue
Issue 4 ， 2005
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An integrated approach utilizing proteomics and bioinformatics to detect ovarian cancer
Abstract：Objective:To find new potential biomarkers and establish the patterns for the detection of ovarian cancer.Methods:Sixty one serum samples including 32 ovarian cancer patients and 29 healthy people were detected by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SELDI-MS). The protein fingerprint data were analyzed by bioinformatics tools. Ten folds cross-validation support vector machine (SVM) was used to establish the diagnostic pattern.Results:Five potential biomarkers were found (2085 Da, 5881 Da, 7564 Da, 9422 Da, 6044 Da), combined with which the diagnostic pattern separated the ovarian cancer from the healthy samples with a sensitivity of 96.7%, a specificity of 96.7% and a positive predictive value of 96.7%.Conclusions:The combination of SELDI with bioinformatics tools could find new biomarkers and establish patterns with high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of ovarian cancer.Keywords：Ovarian cancer;SVM;Diagnosis;SELDI-TOF;Proteomics- 116
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Published：2022-01-05 -
The effect of hepatic blood inflow occlusion on hepatic cancer treated with diode-laser thermocoagulation
Abstract：Objective:To assess the effect of temporary occlusion of hepatic blood inflow on hepatic cancer treated with diode-laser induced thermocogation (LITT).Methods:The carcinoma Walker-256 was implanted in 40 SD rat livers. Twelve days later, the animals were randomly divided into 4 groups. Group A received LITT alone; group B received hepatic artery temporary occlusion during LITT; group C received portal vein temporary occlusion during LITT; group D received hepatic artery and portal vein temporary occlusion during LITT. Tumors were exposed to 810 nm diode-laser light at 0.95 watts for 10 min from a scanner tip applicator placed in the tumor. At the same time, the intrahepatic temperature distribution in rats with liver tumors was measured per 2 min during thermocoagulation. Tumor control was examined immediately 7 and 14 d after thermocoagulation.Results:There was significant difference of intrahepatic temperature distribution in rats with liver tumors among the 4 groups (P<0.05) except when group C samples were compared with group D samples at each time point, and group B samples were compared with group C samples at 120 s (P>0.05). Light microscopic examination of the histologic section samples revealed three separate zones: regular hyperthermic coagulation necrosis zone, transition zone and reference zone. Compared with the samples in group A and group B, group C and group D samples had more clear margin among the three zones.Conclusion:The hepatic blood inflow occlusion, especially portal vein hepatic blood inflow occlusion, or all hepatic blood inflow occlusion considerably increased the efficacy of LITT in the treatment of liver cancer.Keywords：Hepatic carcinoma/thermotherapy;Laser/diode-laser;Hepatic blood inflow/occlusion- 66
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Published：2022-01-05 -
Combination of small interfering RNAs mediates greater inhibition of human hepatitis B virus replication and antigen expression
Abstract：Objectives:To evaluate the inhibitory effect mediated by combination of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting different sites of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transcripts on the viral replication and antigen expression in vitro.Methods:(1) Seven siRNAs targeting surface (S), polymerase (P) or precore (PreC) region of HBV genome were designed and chemically synthesized. (2) HBV-producing HepG2.2.15 cells were treated with or without siRNAs for 72 h. (3) HBsAg and HBeAg in the cell culture medium were detected by enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay. (4) Intracellular viral DNA was quantified by real-time PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). (5) HBV viral mRNA was reverse transcribed and quantified by real-time PCR. (6) The change of cell cycle and apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry.Results:Our data demonstrated that synthetic small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting S and PreC gene could efficiently and specifically inhibit HBV replication and antigen expression. The expression of HBsAg and HBeAg and the replication of HBV could be specifically inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by siRNAs. Furthermore, our results showed that the combination of siRNAs targeting various regions could inhibit HBV replication and antigen expression in a more efficient way than the use of single siRNA at the same final concentration. No apoptotic change was observed in the cell after siRNA treatment.Conclusion:Our results demonstrated that siRNAs exerted robust and specific inhibition on HBV replication and antigen expression in a cell culture system and combination of siRNAs targeting different regions exhibited more potency.Keywords：Hepatitis B virus;Combination of siRNAs;HBV replication;Antigen expression- 103
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Published：2022-01-05 -
Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplanted into damaged rabbit heart to improve heart function
Abstract：Objective:The present study was designed to test whether transplantation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in New Zealand rabbits with myocardial infarction can improve heart function; and whether engrafted donor cells can survive and transdifferentiated into cardiomyocytes.Methods:Twenty milliliters bone marrow was obtained from healthy men by bone biopsy. A gradient centrifugation method was used to separate bone marrow cells (BMCs) and red blood cells. BMCs were incubated for 48 h and then washed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The culture medium was changed twice a week for 28 d. Finally, hematopoietic cells were washed away to leave only MSCs. Human MSCs (hMSCs) were premarked by BrdU 72 h before the transplantation. Thirty-four New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into myocardial infarction (MI) control group and cell treated group, which received hMSCs (MI+MSCs) through intramyocardial injection, while the control group received the same volume of PBS. Myocardial infarction was induced by ligation of the left coronary artery. Cell treated rabbits were treated with 5×106 MSCs transplanted into the infarcted region after ligation of the coronary artery for 1 h, and the control group received the same volume of PBS. Cyclosporin A (oral solution; 10 mg/kg) was provided alone, 24 h before surgery and once a day after MI for 4 weeks. Echocardiography was measured in each group before the surgery and 4 weeks after the surgery to test heart function change. The hearts were harvested for HE staining and immunohistochemical studies after MI and cell transplantation for 4 weeks.Results:Our data showed that cardiac function was significantly improved by hMSC transplantation in rabbit infarcted hearts 4 weeks after MI (ejection fraction: 0.695±0.038 in the cell treated group (n=12) versus 0.554±0.065 in the control group (n=13) (P<0.05)). Surviving hMSCs were identified by BrdU positive spots in infarcted region and transdifferentiated into cardiomyocytes characterized with a positive cardiac phenotype: troponin I.Conclusion:Transplantation of hMSCs could transdifferentiate into cardiomyocytes and regenerate vascular structures, contributing to functional improvement.Keywords：Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells;Transplantation;Myocardial infarction (MI)- 11
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Published：2022-01-05 -
The effects of sotalol on ventricular repolarization during exercise
Abstract：Objective:Although after pacing animal and human studies have demonstrated a rate-dependent effect of sotalol on ventricular repolarization, there is little information on the effects of sotalol on ventricular repolarization during exercise. This study attempted to show the effects of sotalol on ventricular repolarization during physiological exercise.Methods:Thirty-one healthy volunteers (18 males, 13 females) were enrolled in the study. Each performed a maximal treadmill exercise test according to the Bruce protocol after random treatment with sotalol, propranolol and placebo.Results:Sotalol significantly prolonged QTc (corrected QT) and JTc (corrected JT) intervals at rest compared with propranolol (QTc 324.86 ms vs 305.21 ms, P<0.001; JTc 245.04 ms vs 224.17 ms, P<0.001) and placebo (QTc 324.86 ms vs 314.06 ms, P<0.01; JTc 245.04 ms vs. 232.69 ms, P<0.001). The JTc percent reduction increased progressively with each stage of exercise and correlated positively with exercise heart rate (r=0.148, P<0.01). The JTc percent reduction correlation with exercise heart rate did not exist with either propranolol or placebo.Conclusions:These results imply that with sotalol ventricular repolarization is progressively shortened after exercise. Thus the specific class III antiarrhythmic activity of sotalol, present as delay of ventricular repolarization, may be attenuated during exercise. Such findings may imply the need to consider other antiarrythmic therapy during periods of stress-induced tachycardia.Keywords：Sotalol;Exercise stress test;Ventricular repolarization- 10
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Published：2021-12-30 -
GM1 stabilizes expression of NMDA receptor subunit 1 in the ischemic hemisphere of MCAo/reperfusion rat
Abstract：Objective:To determine the protective effect of monosialoganglionside (GM1) and evaluate the influence of GM1 on expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 1 (NMDAR1) in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R).Methods:Left middle cerebral artery (MCA) was occluded by an intraluminal suture for 1 h and the brain was reperfused for 72 h in SD rats when infarct volume was measured, GM1 (10 mg/kg) was given ip (intraperitoneally) at 5 min (group A), 1 h (group B) and 2 h (group C) after MCA occlusion (MCAo). Expression of NMDAR1 was detected by Western blot at various time after reperfusion (4 h, 6 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h) in ischemic hemispheres of the rats with or without GM1 administered.Results:(1) Adjusted relative infarct volumes of groups A and B were significantly smaller than that of group C and the control group (P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively). (2) Expression level of NMDAR1 was temporally high at 6 h after reperfusion, and dipped below the normal level at 72 h after reperfusion. GM1 at 5 min after MCAo significantly suppressed the expression of NMDAR1 at 6 h after reperfusion (P<0.05 vs the control). At 72 h after reperfusion, the NMDAR1 expression level of rats treated with GM1 administered (at 5 min or 2 h after MCAo) was significantly higher than that of the control (P<0.05).Conclusion:GM1 can time-dependently reduce infarct volume in rats with focal cerebral I/R partly through stabilizing the expression of NMDAR1.Keywords：G(M1) ganglioside;Middle cerebral artery occlusion;Reperfusion;N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors;Rats- 77
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Published：2022-01-05 -
Abnormal cortical functional connections in Alzheimer’s disease: analysis of inter- and intra-hemispheric EEG coherence
Abstract：To investigate inter- and intra-hemispheric electroencephalography (EEG) coherence at rest and during photic stimulation of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Thirty-five patients (12 males, 23 females; 52~64 y) and 33 sex- and age-matched controls (12 males, 21 females; 56~65 y) were recruited in the present study. EEG signals from C3-C4, P3-P4, T5-T6 and O1-O2 electrode pairs resulted from the inter-hemispheric action, and EEG signals from C3-P3, C4-P4, P3-O1, P4-O2, C3-O1, C4-O2, T5-O1 and T6-O2 electrode pairs resulted from the intra-hemispheric action. The influence of inter- and intra-hemispheric coherence on EEG activity with eyes closed was examined, using fast Fourier transformation from the 16 sampled channels. The frequencies of photic stimulation were fixed at 5, 10 and 15 Hz, respectively. The general decrease of AD patients in inter- and intra-hemispheric EEG coherence was more significant than that of the normal controls at the resting EEG, with most striking decrease observed in the alpha-1 (8.0–9.0 Hz) and alpha-2 (9.5–12.5 Hz) bands. During photic stimulation, inter- and intra-hemispheric EEG coherences of the AD patients having lower values in the alpha (9.5–10.5 Hz) band than those of the control group. It suggests that under stimulated and non-stimulated conditions, AD patients had impaired inter- and intra-hemispheric functional connections, indicating failure of brain activation in alpha-related frequency.Keywords：Alzheimer’s disease (AD);Electroencephalography (EEG);Coherence;Photic stimulation;Cortical connectivity- 104
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Published：2022-01-05 -
Inhibitory effects of jujuboside A on EEG and hippocampal glutamate in hyperactive rat
Abstract：In this study, the inhibitory effect of jujuboside A (JuA) on a penicillin sodium (Na-PCN) induced hyperactivity model was investigated. Cortical EEG (electroencephalogram) and the concentration of hippocampal Glutamate (Glu) were monitored simultaneously in vivo as indicators of rat’s excitatory state. Power spectral density (PSD) and gravity frequency of PSD were calculated. JuA (0.05 g/L and 0.1 g/L) inhibited the EEG excitation effect caused by Na-PCN by increasing the power of δ1 and δ2 bands (P<0.01 vs model) and lowering the gravity frequency of PSD (P<0.01 vs model). JuA also remarkably reduced the Glu elevation induced by Na-PCN (P<0.05 vs model). Diazepam also depressed Glu concentration and lowered the gravity frequency, but it showed a different EEG pattern in increased β2-activity (P<0.01 vs model). EEG excitation caused by Na-PCN correlated with Glu elevation during the first hour. Neurophysiological inhibitory effects of JuA and diazepam were more persistent than their Glu inhibitoty effects.Keywords：Jujuboside A (JuA);Diazepam;Glutamate (Glu);Electroencephalogram (EEG);Hyperactivity;Penicillin sodium (Na-PCN);Power spectral density (PSD);Gravity frequency- 12
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Published：2022-01-05 -
Clinical detection and movement recognition of neuro signals
Abstract：Neuro signal has many more advantages than myoelectricity in providing information for prosthesis control, and can be an ideal source for developing new prosthesis. In this work, by implanting intrafascicular electrode clinically in the amputee’s upper extremity, collective signals from fascicules of three main nerves (radial nerve, ulnar nerve and medium nerve) were successfully detected with sufficient fidelity and without infection. Initial analysis of features under different actions was performed and movement recognition of detected samples was attempted. Singular value decomposition features (SVD) extracted from wavelet coefficients were used as inputs for neural network classifier to predict amputee’s movement intentions. The whole training rate was up to 80.94% and the test rate was 56.87% without over-training. This result gives inspiring prospect that collective signals from fascicules of the three main nerves are feasible sources for controlling prosthesis. Ways for improving accuracy in developing prosthesis controlled by neuro signals are discussed in the end.Keywords：Neuro signal;Intrafascicular electrode detection;Movement recognition- 18
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Published：2022-01-05 -
Construction of a hepatic stellate cells subtracted cDNA library of differentially expressed genes in normal mice and mice with Schistosomiasis japonica
Abstract：To construct a hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) subtracted cDNA library to find differentially expressed genes in normal mice and mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum). Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used. The cDNA fragments of normal mouse were compared to those of schistosoma-infected mice to find differentially expressed genes. Then differentially expressed cDNA fragments were directly inserted into T/A cloning vector to set up the subtractive library. Amplification of the library was carried out with transformation of DH5α. The amplified library contained more than 400 positive bacterial clones, which were then hybridized with forward and backward subtracted probes for differential screening. One hundred positive bacterial clones were randomly selected for sequencing and BLAST analysis. Finally, virtual Northern Blot confirmed such differential expression. The subtracted cDNA library of differentially expressed genes of HSCs was constructed successfully, the library is efficient and lays foundation for screening and cloning new and specific genes of schistosomiasis.Keywords：Schistosomiasis japonica;Suppression subtractive hybridization;Differential expression- 10
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Published：2022-01-05 -
Construction and characterization of a cDNA library from human liver tissue with chronic hepatitis B
Abstract：Objective:To construct a cDNA library from human liver tissue with chronic hepatitis B and check its quality for investigating the expression level of liver tissue infected by hepatitis B virus. This will then be used to find the relevant genes and interesting proteins associated with the development of hepatitis B.Methods:The total RNA from liver tissue with chronic hepatitis B was extracted and the mRNA was purified using TRIZOL method. Switching mechanism at 5′ end of the RNA transcript (SMART) technique and CDS III/3′ primer were used for first-strand cDNA synthesis. Long distance polymerase chain reaction (LD PCR) was then used to synthesize the double-strand cDNA that was then digested by Sfi I and fractionated by CHROMA SPIN-400 column. The longer than 0.4 kb cDNAs were collected and ligated to λTriplEx2 vector. Then λ phage packaging reaction and library amplification were performed. The qualities of both unamplified and amplified cDNA libraries were strictly checked by conventional titer determination. Fourteen plaques were randomly picked and tested using PCR with universal primers derived from the sequence flanking the vector.Results:The titers of unamplifed and amplified libraries were 1.94×106 pfu/ml and 1.49×109 pfu/ml respectively. The percentages of recombinants from both libraries were 98.15% in unamplified library and 98.76% in amplified library. The lengths of the inserts were 1.23 kb in average, 1–2 kb in 64.29%, and 0.5–1.0 kb in 35.71%.Conclusion:A high quality cDNA library from human liver tissue with chronic hepatitis B was successfully constructed.Keywords：cDNA library;Human liver tissue;Chronic hepatitis B;Construction and characterization- 15
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Published：2022-01-05 -
Proapoptotic and pronecrosis effect of different truncated hepatitis C virus core proteins
Abstract：Objective:To study the roles of different truncated hepatitis C virus (HCV) core proteins (CORE) in the pathogenesis of HCV persistent infection and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to assess intracellular localization in transiently transfected cells.Methods:Seven truncated CORE-GFP (green fluorescent protein) fusion protein expression plasmids were constructed, which contained HCV CORE sequences derived from tumor tissues (BT) and non-tumor tissues (BNT) from one patient infected with HCV. Amino acid (aa) lengths were BT: 1–172 aa, 1–126 aa, 1–58 aa, 59–126 aa, 127–172 aa; BNT: 1–172 aa and C191: 1–172 aa respectively. Subcellular localization of CORE-GFP was analyzed by con-focal laser scanning microscope. Apoptosis and necrosis were quantified by flow cytometry.Results:Different truncated CORE-GFP localized mainly in the cytoplasm, but nuclear staining was also observed. HCV CORE could induce apoptosis and necrosis, and different truncated COREs could induce cell apoptosis and necrosis at different levels. Among the same length 1–172 aa of BT, BNT and C191, the cell apoptosis and necrosis percentage of BT is highest, and C191 is the lowest (BT>BNT>C191). To the different fragment COREs of BT, N-terminal of CORE induced apoptosis and necrosis higher, compared with that of C-terminal (1–172 aa>1–126 aa>1–58 aa>127–172 aa>59–126 aa).Conclusion:These results suggest HCV CORE could induce apoptosis and necrosis of cells, which might play an important role in the pathogenesis of HCV persistent infection and HCC and the different CORE domains of different HCV quasi-species might have some difference in their pathogenesis.Keywords：Hepatitis C virus;Core protein;Apoptosis;Necrosis- 11
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Published：2022-01-05 -
Perioperative nursing for laparoscopic liver resection
Abstract：Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital (SRRSH) has developed a form of laparoscopic hepatectomy, resecting by curettage and suction. Such resection has been carried out successfully in 6 patients who had liver tumors. The results are satisfactory. And after the operation, there is a very effective perioperative nursing ensuring the patient’s recovery.Keywords：Hepatectomy;Laparoscope;Nursing- 12
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Published：2021-12-30 -
Serious response during tilt-table test in elderly and its prophylactic management
Abstract：Objective:To evaluate the serious response during tilt-table test (TTT) and its prophylactic management.Method:Seventy-six elderly patients were tested at a tilt angle of 70 degrees for a maximum of 45 min and then subjected to isoproterenol-provocative tilt testing. ECG and blood pressure were monitored during the test and patients were kept at normal saline condition through a peripheral intravenous duct.Results:Fifty-one of 76 patients were defined as positive including 23 having serious response; 6 of the 23 patients had arteriosclerosis involving internal carotid arteries and 7 cases had bradycardia, two of which were associated with II°-I A-V block and the others with chronic atrial fibrillation. The serious response consisted of cardiac arrest for more than 5 s (6 cases), or serious bradycardia for more than 1 min (7 cases) or serious hypotension for more than 1 min (10 cases). Those with serious response were managed by returning to supine position, thus driving up legs and intravenous atropine, CPR (2 cases with cardiac arrest) and needing oxygen supplementation (11 cases). Only 2 hypotension patients recovered gradually by 10 min after emergency management, while others recovered rapidly with no complications.Conclusion:Although non-invasive, TTT may result in serious response, especially in elderly. Therefore proper patient selection, control of isoproterenol infusion and close observation of vital signs are decisive for a safe consequence.Keywords：Tilt-table test (TTT);Vasovagal syncope (VVS);Serious response;Prophylactic management- 11
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Published：2021-12-30
Biomedicine
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