宏基因组学分析显示大肠杆菌主导的肠型在中国老年人群中比例增加

李金优; 吴月; 杨一晨; 陈路芳; 何彩虹; 周石仙; 黄顺梅; 张霞; 王玉茗; 归崎峰; 鲁海峰; 张勤; 杨云梅

doi:10.1631/jzus.B2400341

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宏基因组学分析显示大肠杆菌主导的肠型在中国老年人群中比例增加

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Research Article | Updated：2025-05-28

宏基因组学分析显示大肠杆菌主导的肠型在中国老年人群中比例增加
Metagenomics reveals an increased proportion of an Escherichia coli-dominated enterotype in elderly Chinese people
浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术） 2025年26卷第5期页码：477-492
Affiliations：

1.Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Physic-chemical and Aging-related Injuries, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
2.State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
Funds：

the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82101665;82271588;82200665;82100795);the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LY22H030009);the Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Program of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2023ZL480);the Medical and Health Research Project of Zhejiang Province(2023RC153)
DOI：10.1631/jzus.B2400341
中图分类号：
CSTR：
收稿日期：2024-07-08，

修回日期：2024-09-13，

纸质出版日期：2025-05-28
Accepted：

李金优,吴月,杨一晨等.宏基因组学分析显示大肠杆菌主导的肠型在中国老年人群中比例增加[J].浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）,2025,26(05):477-492.

Jinyou LI, Yue WU, Yichen YANG, et al. Metagenomics reveals an increased proportion of an Escherichia coli-dominated enterotype in elderly Chinese people[J]. Journal of zhejiang university-science b (biomedicine & biotechnology), 2025, 26(5): 477-492.
李金优,吴月,杨一晨等.宏基因组学分析显示大肠杆菌主导的肠型在中国老年人群中比例增加[J].浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）,2025,26(05):477-492. DOI： 10.1631/jzus.B2400341.

Jinyou LI, Yue WU, Yichen YANG, et al. Metagenomics reveals an increased proportion of an Escherichia coli-dominated enterotype in elderly Chinese people[J]. Journal of zhejiang university-science b (biomedicine & biotechnology), 2025, 26(5): 477-492. DOI： 10.1631/jzus.B2400341.

摘要

随着宿主衰老过程中生理环境的衰退，肠道微生态可能发生重塑，但目前对中国高龄人群整体的肠道菌群变异情况的了解尚且有限。为了解析高龄人群肠道微生物组特征，并揭示肠型变异的相关影响因素，本研究采用宏基因组学方法，对367名60至94岁中国老年人进行肠型分析。除了拟杆菌（ET-

Bacteroides

）和普雷沃氏菌（ET-

Prevotella

）这

两种主导的成人常见肠型外，本研究新发现一种肠杆菌肠型（ET-

Escherichia

），且其流行率在高龄人群中增加。本研究数据表明，相比2型糖尿病或饮食等已知因素，年龄更能解释肠道菌群的变异。此外，本研究解析了ET-

Escherichia

肠型独特的分类和功能特征，并发现该肠型具有最低的物种多样性，但最强的微生物共现网络凝聚力和最高的鲁棒性。通过进一步相关性分析发现，大肠埃希菌属细菌的过度增殖与高龄、蔬菜及水果摄入量等因素显著相关。本研究聚焦于中国非健康长寿老人的肠型特征分析，重点阐述了以大肠杆菌富集为主要特征的高龄老人肠型。这些发现为揭示肠道菌群随年龄的变化规律提供了新视角，并强调了基于微生物组特征对老年人群进行分层的重要性。

Abstract

Gut microbial communities are likely remodeled in tandem with accumulated physiological decline during aging

yet there is limited under

standing of gut microbiome variation in advanced age. Here

we performed a metagenomics-based enterotype analysis in a geographically homogeneous cohort of 367 enrolled Chinese individuals between the ages of 60 and 94 years

with the goal of characterizing the gut microbiome of elderly individuals and identifying factors linked to enterotype variations. In addition to two adult-like enterotypes dominated by

Bacteroides

(ET-

Bacteroides

) and

Prevotella

(ET-

Prevotella

)

we identified a novel enterotype dominated by

Escherichia

(ET-

Escherichia

)

whose prevalence increased in advanced age. Our data demonstrated that age explained more of the variance in the gut microbiome than previously identified factors such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or diet. We characterized the distinct taxonomic and functional profiles of ET-

Escherichia

and found the strongest cohesion and highest robustness of the microbial co-occurrence network in this enterotype

as well as the lowest species diversity. In addition

we carried out a series of correlation analyses and co-abundance network analyses

which showed that several factors were likely linked to the overabundance of

Escherichia

members

including advanced age

vegetable intake

and fruit intake. Overall

our data revealed an enterotype variation characterized by

Escherichia

enrichment in the elderly population. Considering the different age distribution of each enterotype

these findings provide new insights into the changes that occur in the gut microbiome with age and highlight the importance of microbiome-based stratification of elderly individuals.

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