HENMT1: an RNA methyltransferase in biology and disease

Shanghong JIANG; Yongchao ZHAO; Danrui CUI

doi:10.1631/jzus.B2500059

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Review | Updated：2026-06-23

HENMT1: an RNA methyltransferase in biology and disease
HENMT1: an RNA methyltransferase in biology and disease
RNA甲基转移酶HENMT1在生物学和疾病中的作用
Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B Vol. 27, Issue 6, Pages: 590-602(2026)
Affiliations：

1.Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
2.Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
3.Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310029, China
4.Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Frontier Medical Research on Cancer Metabolism, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
5.Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
Funds：
DOI：10.1631/jzus.B2500059
CLC：
CSTR：
Received：06 February 2025，

Revised：2025-04-21，

Online First：04 May 2026，

Published：15 June 2026
Accepted：

蒋尚宏,赵永超,崔丹蕊.RNA甲基转移酶HENMT1在生物学和疾病中的作用[J].浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）,2026,27(06):590-602.

Shanghong JIANG, Yongchao ZHAO, Danrui CUI. HENMT1: an RNA methyltransferase in biology and disease[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B, 2026, 27(6): 590-602.
蒋尚宏,赵永超,崔丹蕊.RNA甲基转移酶HENMT1在生物学和疾病中的作用[J].浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）,2026,27(06):590-602. DOI： 10.1631/jzus.B2500059.

Shanghong JIANG, Yongchao ZHAO, Danrui CUI. HENMT1: an RNA methyltransferase in biology and disease[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B, 2026, 27(6): 590-602. DOI： 10.1631/jzus.B2500059.

摘要

HEN甲基转移酶1（HENMT1）是一种RNA甲基转移酶，负责催化小RNA沉默通路中与PIWI相互作用RNA（piRNA）的2'-

-甲基化修饰，并参与微小RNA（miRNA）的甲基化过程，通过稳定上述RNA分子，在其靶向的生物学进程中发挥关键作用以维持细胞稳态。研究表明，不同物种

HENMT1

同源基因的突变会导致相应物种生物性状改变和生殖功能缺陷。人类

HENMT1

基因突变与不育症及肿瘤发展密切相关。本综述首先对HENMT1及其同源蛋白的结构与功能进行系统介绍，重点阐述其在piRNA甲基化中的作用机制；其次，基于癌症基因组图谱（TCGA）数据库及肿瘤免疫浸润分析，揭示HENMT1在人类癌症中的异常表达及其与免疫浸润的分子关系，探讨HENMT1在不育症和癌症等疾病中的失调机制；最后，本综述探讨了HENMT1在肿瘤发展中的功能研究现状以及未来的研究方向。

Abstract

HEN methyltransferase 1 (HENMT1) is an RNA methyltransferase that catalyzes 2'-

-methylation of P-element-induced wimpy testis (PIWI)-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) within the small RNA silencing pathway and methylates microRNAs (miRNAs). By stabilizing these RNA molecules

HENMT1 plays a pivotal role in

regulating the biological processes that they target

thereby maintaining cellular homeostasis. Mutations in

HENMT1

homologs across various species have been shown to alter biological traits and impair reproduction.

HENMT1

mutations have been linked to infertility and tumor development in humans. This comprehensive review first introduces the structure and function of HENMT1 and its homologs

with a focus on elucidating the piRNA methylation process. Next

we examine the aberrant expression of HENMT1 in human cancers and its relationship with immune infiltration by analyzing the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and tumor immune infiltration profiling

providing insights into the dysregulation of HENMT1 in diseases such as infertility and cancer. Finally

we discuss current knowledge and future perspectives on HENMT1’s function in cancer progression.

关键词

Keywords

references

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