Role of the immune microenvironment in bone regeneration and progress in immune-modulating bone nanobiomaterials

Rong’an LI; Jiakang YANG; Wenjun DUAN; Kexin YANG; Katong LO; Qianming CHEN; Baixiang WANG

doi:10.1631/jzus.B2400472

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Review | Updated：2026-08-13

Role of the immune microenvironment in bone regeneration and progress in immune-modulating bone nanobiomaterials
Role of the immune microenvironment in bone regeneration and progress in immune-modulating bone nanobiomaterials
免疫微环境在骨再生中的作用及免疫调节骨纳米生物材料的研究进展
Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B Vol. 27, Issue 8, Pages: 817-831(2026)
Affiliations：

Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
Funds：
DOI：10.1631/jzus.B2400472
CLC：
CSTR：
Received：13 September 2024，

Revised：2025-04-23，

Online First：13 August 2026，

Published：13 August 2026
Accepted：

励容安,杨佳康,段文君等.免疫微环境在骨再生中的作用及免疫调节骨纳米生物材料的研究进展[J].浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）,2026,27(08):817-831.

Rong’an LI, Jiakang YANG, Wenjun DUAN, et al. Role of the immune microenvironment in bone regeneration and progress in immune-modulating bone nanobiomaterials[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B, 2026, 27(8): 817-831.
励容安,杨佳康,段文君等.免疫微环境在骨再生中的作用及免疫调节骨纳米生物材料的研究进展[J].浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）,2026,27(08):817-831. DOI： 10.1631/jzus.B2400472.

Rong’an LI, Jiakang YANG, Wenjun DUAN, et al. Role of the immune microenvironment in bone regeneration and progress in immune-modulating bone nanobiomaterials[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B, 2026, 27(8): 817-831. DOI： 10.1631/jzus.B2400472.

摘要

炎症是骨组织损伤后再生的关键生理过程。急性炎症反应及其及时消退对骨组织的有效修复至关重要。急性或慢性炎症的加剧均可导致骨再生受损，该过程与免疫细胞和骨相关细胞间的互作及各类炎症细胞因子的调节作用密切相关。本综述探讨了免疫微环境在骨再生中的作用及炎症失调对骨再生的负面影响，并强调了及时消除炎症的必要性。此外，还讨论了具有免疫调节功能的纳米生物材料在炎性骨缺损治疗中的应用，以期阐明目前面临的挑战和未来发展方向。

Abstract

Inflammation is a key physiological process in the regeneration of bone tissue following injury. The acute inflammatory response

along with the timely resolution of inflammation

is essential for effective bone tissue repair. Exacerbation of either acute or chronic inflammation can lead to impaired bone regeneration

which is closely associated with interactions between immune cells and bone-related cells

as well as the regulatory roles of various inflammatory cytokines. In this review

we discuss the role of the immune microenvironment in bone regeneration and the negative impact of dysregulated inflammation on bone regeneration

and highlight on the need for timely elimination of inflammation. Additionally

the application of nanobiomaterials with immunomodulatory function in the treatment of inflammatory bone defects is discussed to clarify its current challenges and the future direction of its development.

关键词

Keywords

references

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