New characteristics of cancer immunotherapy: trends in viral tumor immunotherapy with influenza virus-based approaches

Shiyao HU; Yiqi CAI; Yong SHEN; Yingkuan SHAO; Yushen DU; Yiding CHEN

doi:10.1631/jzus.B2400381

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Review | Updated：2025-06-24

New characteristics of cancer immunotherapy: trends in viral tumor immunotherapy with influenza virus-based approaches
New characteristics of cancer immunotherapy: trends in viral tumor immunotherapy with influenza virus-based approaches
肿瘤免疫治疗的新特点：基于流感病毒的病毒肿瘤免疫治疗的发展趋势
Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B (Biomedicine & Biotechnology) Vol. 26, Issue 6, Pages: 546-556(2025)
Affiliations：

1.Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
2.College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
3.Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
Funds：
DOI：10.1631/jzus.B2400381
CLC：
CSTR：
Received：23 July 2024，

Revised：11 November 2024，

Published Online：23 May 2025，

Published：24 June 2025
Accepted：

胡世瑶,蔡依琪,沈泳等.肿瘤免疫治疗的新特点：基于流感病毒的病毒肿瘤免疫治疗的发展趋势[J].浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）,2025,26(06):546-556.

Shiyao HU, Yiqi CAI, Yong SHEN, et al. New characteristics of cancer immunotherapy: trends in viral tumor immunotherapy with influenza virus-based approaches[J]. Journal of zhejiang university-science b (biomedicine & biotechnology), 2025, 26(6): 546-556.
胡世瑶,蔡依琪,沈泳等.肿瘤免疫治疗的新特点：基于流感病毒的病毒肿瘤免疫治疗的发展趋势[J].浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）,2025,26(06):546-556. DOI： 10.1631/jzus.B2400381.

Shiyao HU, Yiqi CAI, Yong SHEN, et al. New characteristics of cancer immunotherapy: trends in viral tumor immunotherapy with influenza virus-based approaches[J]. Journal of zhejiang university-science b (biomedicine & biotechnology), 2025, 26(6): 546-556. DOI： 10.1631/jzus.B2400381.

摘要

近年来，病毒免疫疗法作为癌症免疫调节治疗的新兴领域备受关注。尽管甲型流感溶瘤病毒在临床前研究中展现出显著抗肿瘤潜力，但其临床转化仍面临诸多挑战。随着基因编辑技术的突破性进展与实验经验的积累，研究者们已着手通过多维度策略提升该病毒的治疗效能。本文系统地综述了甲型流感病毒及其减毒株与相关疫苗在肿瘤免疫治疗中的应用，并重点剖析了其独特优势与现存挑战。同时，我们深入探讨病毒工程化改造的核心技术，阐述其与细胞因子和免疫检查点抑制剂等治疗模块的协同增效机制，以期为突破现有临床疗效瓶颈提供新思路。通过整合前沿研究成果，本文旨在为优化基于甲型流感病毒的肿瘤免疫疗法提供新策略。

Abstract

Immunomodulatory cancer therapy is witnessing the rise of viral immunotherapy. The oncolytic influenza A virus

although promising in preclinical investigations

remains to be implemented in clinical practice. Recent progress in genetic engineering

coupled with experiential insights

offers opportunities to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of the influenza A virus. This review explores the use of the influenza virus

its attenuated forms

and associated vaccines in cancer immunotherapy

highlighting their respective advantages and challenges. We further elucidate methods for engineering influenza viruses and innovative approaches to augment them with cytokines or immune checkpoint inhibitors

aiming to maximize their clinical impact. Our goal is to provide insights essential for refining influenza A virus-based viral tumor immunotherapies.

关键词

Keywords

references

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