Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease in mother‒child pairs: clinical risk factors and gut microbiota characteristics

Cunzheng ZHANG; Ruqiao DUAN; Nini DAI; Yuzhu CHEN; Gaonan LI; Xiao’ang LI; Xiaolin JI; Xuemei ZHONG; Zailing LI; Liping DUAN

doi:10.1631/jzus.B2400330

Your Location：

Home >

Browse articles >

Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease in mother‒child pairs: clinical risk factors and gut microbiota characteristics

Scan QR Code

Alert me when the article has been cited

Submit

Research Article | Updated：2025-11-04

Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease in mother‒child pairs: clinical risk factors and gut microbiota characteristics
Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease in mother‒child pairs: clinical risk factors and gut microbiota characteristics
儿童炎症性肠病的母子对研究：临床危险因素和肠道菌群特征
Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B Vol. 26, Issue 10, Pages: 995-1014(2025)
Affiliations：

1.Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
2.Beijing Key Laboratory for Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases, Beijing 100191, China
3.Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
4.Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
Funds：
DOI：10.1631/jzus.B2400330
CLC：
CSTR：
Received：25 June 2024，

Revised：2024-08-26，

Published Online：26 September 2025，

Published：20 October 2025
Accepted：

张存正,段汝乔,代妮妮等.儿童炎症性肠病的母子对研究：临床危险因素和肠道菌群特征[J].浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）,2025,26(10):995-1014.

Cunzheng ZHANG, Ruqiao DUAN, Nini DAI, et al. Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease in mother‒child pairs: clinical risk factors and gut microbiota characteristics[J]. Journal of zhejiang university-science b, 2025, 26(10): 995-1014.
张存正,段汝乔,代妮妮等.儿童炎症性肠病的母子对研究：临床危险因素和肠道菌群特征[J].浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）,2025,26(10):995-1014. DOI： 10.1631/jzus.B2400330.

Cunzheng ZHANG, Ruqiao DUAN, Nini DAI, et al. Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease in mother‒child pairs: clinical risk factors and gut microbiota characteristics[J]. Journal of zhejiang university-science b, 2025, 26(10): 995-1014. DOI： 10.1631/jzus.B2400330.

摘要

在儿童炎症性肠病（PIBD）发病中，母子肠道菌群的作用及相关风险因素尚未明确。本研究旨在探究PIBD发病的临床危险因素，分析患儿与母亲的肠道菌群特征，并探讨二者肠道菌群的相关性。研究采用病例-对照设计，纳入54对PIBD患儿及其母亲作为病例组，122对健康儿童及其母亲作为对照组。通过问卷收集家族疾病史、围产期及生命早期事件等信息；采集两组儿童及母亲的粪便样本，进行微生物16S rRNA测序，分析肠道菌群组成及其与PIBD发病的潜在关联。结果显示，自身免疫病家族史、孕期抗生素使用与PIBD发病风险升高相关，而父亲学历较高则与PIBD发病风险降低相关。病例组母子的肠道菌群与对照组存在显著差异，且同组内母亲与子女的肠道菌群具有相似性。此外，母亲的肠道菌群生物标志物可预测其子女患PIBD的风险。综上，PIBD的发病受母源性危险因素影响，患者存在独特的肠道菌群特征；母子肠道菌群的密切关联提示二者间存在菌群传递与相互影响。本研究为阐明PIBD的潜在发病机制提供了依据，并为针对性干预措施的开发奠定了基础。

Abstract

Objective

The risk factors and role of mother‒child gut microbiota in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) remain unclear. We aimed to explore the clinical risk factors associated with PIBD

analyze the characteristics of gut microbiota of children and their mothers

and examine the correlation of the microbial composition in mother‒child pairs.

Methods

We conducted a case-control study including children with PIBD and their mothers as the case group

as well as healthy children and their mothers as the control group. Questionnaires were used to collect information such as family illness history and maternal and early-life events. Fecal samples were collected from the children and mothers for microbiota 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing to analyze the composition and its potential association with PIBD.

Results

A total of 54 pairs of cases and 122 pairs of controls were recruited. A family history of autoimmune disease and antibiotic use during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of PIBD

and a higher education level of the father was associated with a decreased risk of PIBD. Children with PIBD and mothers exhibited different gut microbiota compared to healthy children and mothers. Similarities were observed in the gut microbiota of mothers and children in the same groups. Some bacterial biomarkers of mothers discovered in this study had the power to predict PIBD in their offspring.

Conclusions

PIBD is influenced by maternal risk factors and has unique gut microbiota characteristics. The mother‒child gut microbiota is closely related

suggesting the transmission and influence of the gut microbiota between mothers and children. This study highlights the potential pathogenesis of PIBD and provides a basis for developing targeted interventions.

关键词

Keywords

references

Agrawal M , Sabino J , Frias-Gomes C , et al. , 2021 . Early life exposures and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease: systematic review and meta-analyses . EClinicalMedicine , 36 : 100884 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100884 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100884

Agrawal M , Poulsen G , Colombel JF , et al. , 2023 . Maternal antibiotic exposure during pregnancy and risk of IBD in offspring: a population-based cohort study . Gut , 72 ( 4 ): 804 - 805 . https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327724 https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327724

Arumugam M , Raes J , Pelletier E , et al. , 2011 . Enterotypes of the human gut microbiome . Nature , 473 ( 7346 ): 174 - 180 . https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09944 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09944

Asnicar F , Manara S , Zolfo M , et al. , 2017 . Studying vertical microbiome transmission from mothers to infants by strain-level metagenomic profiling . mSystems , 2 ( 1 ): e00164-16 . https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00164-16 https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00164-16

Baltazar-Díaz TA , González-Hernández LA , Aldana-Ledesma JM , et al. , 2022 . Escherichia/Shigella , SCFAs, and metabolic pathways—the triad that orchestrates intestinal dysbiosis in patients with decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis from western Mexico . Microorganisms , 10 ( 6 ): 1231 . https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10061231 https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10061231

Benítez-Páez A , del Pugar EMG , López-Almela I , et al. , 2020 . Depletion of Blautia species in the microbiota of obese children relates to intestinal inflammation and metabolic phenotype worsening . mSystems , 5 ( 2 ): e00857-19 . https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00857-19 https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00857-19

Bokulich NA , Subramanian S , Faith JJ , et al. , 2013 . Quality-filtering vastly improves diversity estimates from illumina amplicon sequencing . Nat Methods , 10 ( 1 ): 57 - 59 . https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2276 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2276

Bouhuys M , Lexmond WS , van Rheenen PF , 2023 . Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease . Pediatrics , 151 ( 1 ): e2022058037 . https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2022-058037 https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2022-058037

Buchenauer L , Haange SB , Bauer M , et al. , 2023 . Maternal exposure of mice to glyphosate induces depression- and anxiety-like behavior in the offspring via alterations of the gut‒brain axis . Sci Total Environ , 905 : 167034 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167034 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167034

Chan JL , Wu SG , Geis AL , et al. , 2019 . Non-toxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (NTBF) administration reduces bacteria-driven chronic colitis and tumor development independent of polysaccharide A . Mucosal Immunol , 12 ( 1 ): 164 - 177 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41385-018-0085-5 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41385-018-0085-5

Chen HY , Tong TY , Lu SY , et al. , 2023 . Urea cycle activation triggered by host-microbiota maladaptation driving colorectal tumorigenesis . Cell Metab , 35 ( 4 ): 651 - 666.E7 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2023.03.003 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2023.03.003

Chen W , Wang DS , Deng X , et al. , 2024 . Bile acid profiling as an effective biomarker for staging in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease . Gut Microbes , 16 ( 1 ): 2323231 . https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2024.2323231 https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2024.2323231

D'Adamo GL , Chonwerawong M , Gearing LJ , et al. , 2023 . Bacterial clade-specific analysis identifies distinct epithelial responses in inflammatory bowel disease . Cell Rep Med , 4 ( 7 ): 101124 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101124 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101124

Dolinger M , Torres J , Vermeire S , 2024 . Crohn’s disease . Lancet , 403 ( 10432 ): 1177 - 1191 . https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(23)02586-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(23)02586-2

Dong DF , Su TX , Chen W , et al. , 2023 . Clostridioides difficile aggravates dextran sulfate solution (DSS)-induced colitis by shaping the gut microbiota and promoting neutrophil recruitment . Gut Microbes , 15 ( 1 ): 2192478 . https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2023.2192478 https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2023.2192478

Douglas GM , Maffei VJ , Zaneveld JR , et al. , 2020 . PICRUSt2 for prediction of metagenome functions . Nat Biotechnol , 38 ( 6 ): 685 - 688 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-020-0548-6 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-020-0548-6

Duan RQ , Zhang CZ , Li GN , et al. , 2025 . Antibiotic exposure and risk of new-onset inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis . Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol , 23 ( 1 ): 45 - 58.e15 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2024.02.010 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2024.02.010

Edgar RC , Haas BJ , Clemente JC , et al. , 2011 . UCHIME improves sensitivity and speed of chimera detection . Bioinformatics , 27 ( 16 ): 2194 - 2200 . https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btr381 https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btr381

Ferretti P , Pasolli E , Tett A , et al. , 2018 . Mother-to-infant microbial transmission from different body sites shapes the developing infant gut microbiome . Cell Host Microbe , 24 ( 1 ): 133 - 145.e5 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2018.06.005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2018.06.005

Hill CA , Casterline BW , Valguarnera E , et al. , 2024 . Bacteroides fragilis toxin expression enables lamina propria niche acquisition in the developing mouse gut . Nat Microbiol , 9 ( 1 ): 85 - 94 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-023-01559-9 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-023-01559-9

Iwamuro M , Tanaka T , Kagawa S , et al. , 2023 . Collagenous colitis in a patient with gastric cancer who underwent chemotherapy . Cureus , 15 ( 5 ): e39466 . https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.39466 https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.39466

Jezernik G , Mičetić-Turk D , Potočnik U , 2020 . Molecular genetic architecture of monogenic pediatric IBD differs from complex pediatric and adult IBD . J Pers Med , 10 ( 4 ): 243 . https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm10040243 https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm10040243

Khorsand B , Asadzadeh Aghdaei H , Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad E , et al. , 2022 . Overrepresentation of Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia coli is the major gut microbiome signature in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis; a comprehensive metagenomic analysis of IBDMDB datasets . Front Cell Infect Microbiol , 12 : 1015890 . https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.1015890 https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.1015890

Koren O , Konnikova L , Brodin P , et al. , 2024 . The maternal gut microbiome in pregnancy: implications for the developing immune system . Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol , 21 ( 1 ): 35 - 45 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-023-00864-2 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-023-00864-2

Korpela K , Salonen A , Vepsäläinen O , et al. , 2018 . Probiotic supplementation restores normal microbiota composition and function in antibiotic-treated and in caesarean-born infants . Microbiome , 6 : 182 . https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-018-0567-4 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-018-0567-4

Krishna M , Salako A , Fofanova T , et al. , 2020 . Parental education may differentially impact pediatric inflammatory bowel disease phenotype risk . Inflamm Bowel Dis , 26 ( 7 ): 1068 - 1076 . https://doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izz225 https://doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izz225

Kuenzig ME , Fung SG , Marderfeld L , et al. , 2022 . Twenty-first century trends in the global epidemiology of pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease: systematic review . Gastroenterology , 162 ( 4 ): 1147 - 1159.E4 . https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2021.12.282 https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2021.12.282

le Berre C , Honap S , Peyrin-Biroulet L , 2023 . Ulcerative colitis . Lancet , 402 ( 10401 ): 571 - 584 . https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(23)00966-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(23)00966-2

Lee IA , Kamba A , Low D , et al. , 2014 . Novel methylxanthine derivative-mediated anti-inflammatory effects in inflammatory bowel disease . World J Gastroenterol , 20 ( 5 ): 1127 - 1138 . https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i5.1127 https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i5.1127

Lehri B , Atkins E , Scott TA , et al. , 2024 . Investigation into the efficiency of diverse N -linking oligosaccharyltransferases for glycoengineering using a standardised cell-free assay . Microb Biotechnol , 17 ( 6 ): e14480 . https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.14480 https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.14480

Leibovitzh H , Lee SH , Xue MY , et al. , 2022 . Altered gut microbiome composition and function are associated with gut barrier dysfunction in healthy relatives of patients with Crohn’s disease . Gastroenterology , 163 ( 5 ): 1364 - 1376.E10 . https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2022.07.004 https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2022.07.004

Li CL , Zhang PR , Xie YD , et al. , 2024 . Enterococcus -derived tyramine hijacks α 2A -adrenergic receptor in intestinal stem cells to exacerbate colitis . Cell Host Microbe , 32 ( 6 ): 950 - 963.E8 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.04.020 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2024.04.020

Liu H , Hong XL , Sun TT , et al. , 2020 . Fusobacterium nucleatum exacerbates colitis by damaging epithelial barriers and inducing aberrant inflammation . J Dig Dis , 21 ( 7 ): 385 - 398 . https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-2980.12909 https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-2980.12909

Liu XM , Mao BY , Gu JY , et al. , 2021 . Blautia —a new functional genus with potential probiotic properties? Gut Microbes , 13 ( 1 ): 1875796 . https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2021.1875796 https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2021.1875796

Magoč T , Salzberg SL , 2011 . FLASH: fast length adjustment of short reads to improve genome assemblies . Bioinformatics , 27 ( 21 ): 2957 - 2963 . https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btr507 https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btr507

Mari A , Khoury T , Ahamad HS , et al. , 2020 . Autoimmune diseases in first- and second-degree relatives of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: a case-control survey in Israel . Minerva Med , 111 ( 2 ): 107 - 14 . https://doi.org/10.23736/s0026-4806.19.06389-4 https://doi.org/10.23736/s0026-4806.19.06389-4

Martino C , Dilmore AH , Burcham ZM , et al. , 2022 . Microbiota succession throughout life from the cradle to the grave . Nat Rev Microbiol , 20 ( 12 ): 707 - 720 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-022-00768-z https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-022-00768-z

Mirsepasi-Lauridsen HC , Vallance BA , Krogfelt KA , et al. , 2019 . Escherichia coli pathobionts associated with inflammatory bowel disease . Clin Microbiol Rev , 32 ( 2 ): e00060-18 . https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00060-18 https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00060-18

Mukherjee A , Lordan C , Ross RP , et al. , 2020 . Gut microbes from the phylogenetically diverse genus Eubacterium and their various contributions to gut health . Gut Microbes , 12 ( 1 ): 1802866 . https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2020.1802866 https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2020.1802866

Mukhopadhya I , Hansen R , El-Omar EM , et al. , 2012 . IBD—what role do proteobacteria play? Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol , 9 ( 4 ): 219 - 230 . https://doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2012.14 https://doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2012.14

Nameirakpam J , Rikhi R , Rawat SS , et al. , 2020 . Genetics on early onset inflammatory bowel disease: an update . Genes Dis , 7 ( 1 ): 93 - 106 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gendis.2019.10.003 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gendis.2019.10.003

Örtqvist AK , Lundholm C , Halfvarson J , et al. , 2019 . Fetal and early life antibiotics exposure and very early onset inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based study . Gut , 68 ( 2 ): 218 - 225 . https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2017-314352 https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2017-314352

Pathikkal A , Puthusseri B , Divya P , et al. , 2022 . Folate derivatives, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and 10-formyltetrahydrofolate, protect BEAS-2B cells from high glucose‒induced oxidative stress and inflammation . In Vitro Cell Dev Biol-Anim , 58 ( 5 ): 419 - 428 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s11626-022-00691-w https://doi.org/10.1007/s11626-022-00691-w

Pham VT , Lacroix C , Braegger CP , et al. , 2016 . Early colonization of functional groups of microbes in the infant gut . Environ Microbiol , 18 ( 7 ): 2246 - 2258 . https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.13316 https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.13316

Piovani D , Danese S , Peyrin-Biroulet L , et al. , 2019 . Environmental risk factors for inflammatory bowel diseases: an umbrella review of meta-analyses . Gastroenterology , 157 ( 3 ): 647 - 659.E4 . https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2019.04.016 https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2019.04.016

Pittayanon R , Lau JT , Leontiadis GI , et al. , 2020 . Differences in gut microbiota in patients with vs without inflammatory bowel diseases: a systematic review . Gastroenterology , 158 ( 4 ): 930 - 946.E1 . https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2019.11.294 https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2019.11.294

Qi C , Zhou JB , Tu HY , et al. , 2022 . Lactation-dependent vertical transmission of natural probiotics from the mother to the infant gut through breast milk . Food Funct , 13 ( 1 ): 304 - 315 . https://doi.org/10.1039/D1FO03131G https://doi.org/10.1039/D1FO03131G

Qiao SS , Liu C , Sun L , et al. , 2022 . Gut Parabacteroides merdae protects against cardiovascular damage by enhancing branched-chain amino acid catabolism . Nat Metab , 4 ( 10 ): 1271 - 1286 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-022-00649-y https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-022-00649-y

Rhee KJ , Wu SG , Wu XQ , et al. , 2009 . Induction of persistent colitis by a human commensal, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis , in wild-type C57BL/6 mice . Infect Immun , 77 ( 4 ): 1708 - 1718 . https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.00814-08 https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.00814-08

Sears CL , Geis AL , Housseau F , 2014 . Bacteroides fragilis subverts mucosal biology: from symbiont to colon carcinogenesis . J Clin Invest , 124 ( 10 ): 4166 - 4172 . https://doi.org/10.1172/jci72334 https://doi.org/10.1172/jci72334

Segata N , Izard J , Waldron L , et al. , 2011 . Metagenomic biomarker discovery and explanation . Genome Biol , 12 ( 6 ): R60 . https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2011-12-6-r60 https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2011-12-6-r60

Shenhav L , Thompson M , Joseph TA , et al. , 2019 . FEAST: fast expectation-maximization for microbial source tracking . Nat Methods , 16 ( 7 ): 627 - 632 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-019-0431-x https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-019-0431-x

Sun XW , Chen ZH , Yu L , et al. , 2023 . Bacteroides dorei BDX-01 alleviates DSS-induced experimental colitis in mice by regulating intestinal bile salt hydrolase activity and the FXR-NLRP3 signaling pathway . Front Pharmacol , 14 : 1205323 . https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2023.1205323 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2023.1205323

Sun Y , Xie RX , Li L , et al. , 2021 . Prenatal maternal stress exacerbates experimental colitis of offspring in adulthood . Front Immunol , 12 : 700995 . https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.700995 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.700995

Tian M , Li QH , Zheng TH , et al. , 2023 . Maternal microbe-specific modulation of the offspring microbiome and development during pregnancy and lactation . Gut Microbes , 15 ( 1 ): 2206505 . https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2023.2206505 https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2023.2206505

Valles-Colomer M , Blanco-Míguez A , Manghi P , et al. , 2023 . The person-to-person transmission landscape of the gut and oral microbiomes . Nature , 614 ( 7946 ): 125 - 135 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05620-1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05620-1

Velosa M , Hochner H , Yerushalmi B , et al. , 2022 . Pre- and perinatal factors predicting inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based study with fifty years of follow-up . J Crohns Colitis , 16 ( 9 ): 1397 - 1404 . https://doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac043 https://doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac043

Wang SP , Ryan CA , Boyaval P , et al. , 2020 . Maternal vertical transmission affecting early-life microbiota development . Trends Microbiol , 28 ( 1 ): 28 - 45 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2019.07.010 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2019.07.010

Wang QZ , Deng ZT , Lan J , et al. , 2022 . Inhibition of GABA A R or application of Lactobacillus casei Zhang alleviates ulcerative colitis in mice: GABA A R as a potential target for intestinal epithelial renewal and repair . Int J Mol Sci , 23 ( 19 ): 11210 . https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911210 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911210

Wang XQ , Xiao Y , Xu X , et al. , 2021 . Characteristics of fecal microbiota and machine learning strategy for fecal invasive biomarkers in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease . Front Cell Infect Microbiol , 11 : 711884 . https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.711884 https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.711884

Xiao LW , Zhao FQ , 2023 . Microbial transmission, colonisation and succession: from pregnancy to infancy . Gut , 72 ( 4 ): 772 - 786 . https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2022-328970 https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2022-328970

Zhao J , Bai M , Ning XX , et al. , 2022 . Expansion of Escherichia-Shigella in gut is associated with the onset and response to immunosuppressive therapy of IgA nephropathy . J Am Soc Nephrol , 33 ( 12 ): 2276 - 2292 . https://doi.org/10.1681/asn.2022020189 https://doi.org/10.1681/asn.2022020189

Views

Downloads

CSCD

Tools

Publicity Resources

Modulating effects of Astragalus polysaccharide on immune disorders via gut microbiota and the TLR4/NF-κB pathway in rats with syndrome of dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency

Spirulina platensis aqueous extracts ameliorate colonic mucosal damage and modulate gut microbiota disorder in mice with ulcerative colitis by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress

Evaluation and simplification of risk factors in FIGO 2000 scoring system for gestational trophoblastic neoplasia: a 19-year retrospective analysis

Emerging role of protein modification in inflammatory bowel disease

Factors associated with a SARS-CoV-2 recurrence after hospital discharge among patients with COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis#

Related Author

Haijun ZHAO

Shijun WANG

Xuelian ZHAO

Jun ZHENG

Xiumei LIU

Qin LYU

Guangying LU

Yanli LIU

Related Institution

School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University

College of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

School of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control

Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University

Address：Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, China Postal code：310027
Tel：+86-571-87952783 Email：cjzhang@zju.edu.cn
Technical support is provided by Beijing Founder electronics co., LTD 京ICP备09064830号-19 京公网安备11010802024621
It is recommended to read the content of this site in Chrome&IE9+. Please switch to extreme mode in browser 360.
Cookies We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. By continuing, you agree to the use of cookies.

⁰