Editors-in-Chief

Shu-Min DUAN

Zhi-Hong LIU

ISSN 1673-1581

CN 33-1356/Q

Published by

Zhejiang University Press

2022 JIF 4.7

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  • Review

    Abstract：Ribosome is an intracellular ribonucleoprotein particle that serves as the site of protein biosynthesis. Ribosomal dysfunction caused by mutations in genes encoding ribosomal proteins (RPs) and ribosome biogenesis factors (RBFs) can lead to a spectrum of diseases, collectively known as ribosomopathy. Phase separation is a thermodynamic process that produces multiple phases from a homogeneous mixture. The formation of membraneless organelles and intracellular structures, including ribosomes and nucleoli, cannot occur without the involvement of phase separation. Here, ribosome structure, biogenesis, and their relationship with ribosomopathy are systematically reviewed. The tissue specificity of ribosomopathy and the role of phase separation in ribosomopathy are particularly discussed, which may offer some clues for understanding the mechanisms of ribosomopathy. Then, some new ideas for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of ribosomopathy are provided.  

    Zhiyuan PAN, Guofen LIN, Hao LIU, Guozhi LI, Xiaoyi ZHANG, Jiewen DAI

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  • Review

    Abstract：The cosmetic sector is a multibillion-dollar industry that requires constant attention being paid to innovative product development and engagement. Notably, its market value is projected to exceed 750 billion U.S. dollars by 2025, and it is expanding as novel, climate-friendly, green, and sustainable components from natural sources are incorporated. This review is written based on the numerous reports on the potential applications of food-derived peptides while focusing on their possible uses in the formulation of cosmeceutical and skincare products. First, the production methods of bioactive peptides linked to cosmeceutical uses are described. Then, we discuss the obtainment and characterization of different anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-aging, and other pleiotropic peptides with their specific mechanisms, from various food sources. The review concludes with salient considerations of the cost of production and pilot scale operation, stability, compatibility, user safety, site-specificity, and delivery methods, when designing or developing biopeptide-based cosmeceutical products.  

    Tolulope Joshua ASHAOLU

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  • Review

    Abstract：Immunomodulatory cancer therapy is witnessing the rise of viral immunotherapy. The oncolytic influenza A virus, although promising in preclinical investigations, remains to be implemented in clinical practice. Recent progress in genetic engineering, coupled with experiential insights, offers opportunities to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of the influenza A virus. This review explores the use of the influenza virus, its attenuated forms, and associated vaccines in cancer immunotherapy, highlighting their respective advantages and challenges. We further elucidate methods for engineering influenza viruses and innovative approaches to augment them with cytokines or immune checkpoint inhibitors, aiming to maximize their clinical impact. Our goal is to provide insights essential for refining influenza A virus-based viral tumor immunotherapies.  

    Shiyao HU, Yiqi CAI, Yong SHEN, Yingkuan SHAO, Yushen DU, Yiding CHEN

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  • Review

    Abstract：Cognitive dysfunction often occurs in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, cerebrovascular disease, or other neurodegenerative diseases, and can significantly impact the life quality of patients and create serious social, psychological, and economic burdens for individuals and their families. Numerous studies have confirmed that exercise can slow the decline in cognitive function through multiple pathways, in which fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) plays an important role. However, the current research on the modulation of FNDC5 by exercise and its ability to improve hippocampal cognitive function lacks a systematic and comprehensive understanding. Therefore, this review focuses on the latest research progress regarding the role of exercise-induced FNDC5 in cognitive function, systematically reviews the positive effects of FNDC5 on cognitive function impairment caused by various factors, and clarifies the specific mechanisms by which exercise-induced FNDC5 improves cognitive function by inhibiting neuroinflammation and improving hippocampal neurogenesis and hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Based on the existing literature, we also identify the areas that require further research in this field. Overall, this review provides a theoretical basis for exercise-based prevention and improvement of cognitive function impairment.  

    Ruobing ZHAO, Xuchang ZHOU, Dongxue WANG, Haifeng TANG, Guoxin NI

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  • Review

    Abstract：The onset of pregnancy is marked by the formation of a zygote, while the culmination of gestation is manifested by the delivery of a fetus. Meanwhile, a successful pregnancy entails a meticulously coordinated sequence of events from embryo implantation to sustained decidualization of the uterus to placental development and childbirth. The decidual reaction, a pivotal process occurring within the endometrium during pregnancy, is finely regulated by sex steroids and cytokines. Notably, fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), particularly FGF2, play a critical role in this physiological cascade. Dysregulated FGF expression may trigger inadequate decidualization, precipitating a spectrum of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preeclampsia, recurrent implantation failure, and miscarriage. Furthermore, the human decidua, distinct from most mammalian species and similar to great apes, undergoes regular cycles of formation and shedding, independent of the presence of the embryo in the endometrium. This process is also tightly controlled by various FGFs. In this review, we comprehensively compare diverse research decidualization models, delineate the trend of endometrial FGFs during the menstrual cycle, and provide a synopsis of endometrial diseases triggered by FGF dysregulation.  

    Xueni ZHANG, Yidi MO, Chunbin LU, Zhijian SU, Xiaokun LI

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  • Research Article

    Abstract：Imprinted genes play a key role in regulating mammalian placental and embryonic development. Here, we generated glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase-knockout (Qpct-/-) mice utilizing the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) platform and identified Qpct as a novel anti-angiogenic factor in regulating mouse placentation. Compared with Qpct+/+ mice, placentae and embryos (Qpct-/+ and Qpct-/-) showed significant overgrowth at embryonic Day 12.5 (E12.5), E15.5, and E18.5. Using single-cell transcriptome analysis of 32 309 cells from Qpct+/+ and Qpct-/- mouse placentae, we identified 13 cell clusters via single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) (8880 Qpct+/+ and 13 577 Qpct-/- cells) and 20 cell clusters via single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) (6567 Qpct+/+ and 3285 Qpct-/- cells). Furthermore, we observed a global up-regulation of pro-angiogenic genes in the Qpct-/- background. Immunohistochemistry assays revealed a notable increase in the number of blood vessels in the decidual and labyrinthine layers of E15.5 Qpct-/+ and Qpct-/- mice. Moreover, the elevation of multiple pairs of ligand-receptor interactions was observed in decidual cells, endothelial cells, and macrophages, promoting angiogenesis and inflammatory response. Our findings indicate that loss of maternal Qpct leads to altered phenotypic characteristics of placentae and embryos and promotes angiogenesis in murine placentae.  

    Jing GUO, Jihong ZHENG, Ruixia LI, Jindong YAO, He ZHANG, Xu WANG, Chao ZHANG

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  • Correspondence

    Jiayi CAI, Yong HE, Feng LIU, Byung-Ho KANG, Xuping FENG

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